Resources

The dance glossary


All the words of dance, explained simply. 178 terms of ballet, modern jazz, street and contemporary dance, to understand what is said in class, without being a dancer.

A

Adage Ballet
The adage brings together slow, flowing movements that show off balance, suppleness and elegant lines. It is the calm, poised part of the class, the opposite of the fast sequences.

See also: Développé, Allegro

Allegro Ballet
The allegro gathers the quick, jumping steps of a dance class. Whether small or big, it works on the dancer's liveliness, lightness and energy.

See also: Adage, Sauté

Ancrage Contemporary
The feeling of being firmly connected to the floor, with solid feet and the weight dropped down towards the ground. Grounding gives confidence and presence, like a well-rooted tree that can still sway in the wind.

See also: Poids du corps, Gainage

Arabesque Ballet
The arabesque is one of ballet's most iconic poses, where the dancer stands on one leg with the other stretched high behind, forming a long line from fingertips to pointed toe. It is one of the best-known images in classical dance.

See also: Attitude, Port de bras

Assemblé Ballet
The assemblé is a jump in which one leg is thrown out to the side, then both legs come together in the air to land with the feet joined. As its name suggests, you assemble the legs before landing.

See also: Sissonne, Glissade

Attitude Ballet
The attitude is a pose on one leg, with the other raised in front or behind, the knee bent and open. It brings a statue to mind and calls for plenty of balance.

See also: Arabesque, Développé

Attitude jazz Modern jazz & street
The attitude is a position where one leg is raised and bent, the knee pointing out into space, creating a pretty curve. It often serves as a pose or an elegant transition within a routine.

See also: Passé, Layout

Aplomb Ballet
The quality of a well-aligned, vertical body, solid on its axis, holding balances without wavering. It is the quiet confidence of a well-placed dancer.

See also: Placement, Équilibre

Amplitude General
The size of a movement, how far it reaches into space. Great amplitude gives generosity to the dance; small amplitude, finesse.

See also: Souplesse, Qualité de mouvement

B

Barre Ballet
The barre is the long horizontal rail, fixed to the wall or standing on legs, that dancers hold onto at the start of class. It is used to warm up and to work on balance, posture and precision before dancing in the middle of the room.

See also: Plié, Tendu (battement tendu)

Barre au sol General
A class where the exercises are done lying down or sitting on the floor rather than at the barre. This gentle method strengthens the body and improves flexibility while protecting the joints.

See also: Souplesse, Étirement

Barrel roll Modern jazz & street
The barrel roll is a large circular movement of the torso and arms that traces a circle in the air, as if turning around an imaginary barrel. It brings breadth and breath to the dance.

See also: Layout

Battle Modern jazz & street
A battle is a friendly challenge between dancers who each take their turn to show their style, often in a circle. The mood is warm and supportive: you come to push yourself and cheer each other on, not to judge.

See also: Cypher, Freestyle

Bounce Modern jazz & street
The bounce is a light rebound of the body, a soft up-and-down movement of the knees that marks the tempo. It is the little engine that brings hip-hop dancing to life.

See also: Groove, Rock (base)

Break/breakdance Modern jazz & street
Breaking, or breakdance, is the acrobatic dance of hip-hop, performed largely on the floor with footwork, moves and freezes. It is a spectacular discipline, now part of the Olympic Games.

See also: Top rock, Freeze

Ballon Ballet
The quality of lightness and suspension in jumps: the dancer seems to hang in the air for a moment before landing softly. A good ballon looks like floating.

See also: Sauté, Grand jeté

Balancé Ballet
A step in three counts where the weight rocks from one foot to the other, often danced to a waltz. Soft and rhythmic.

See also: Chassé, Port de bras

Brisé Ballet
A small beaten jump in which the legs cross and uncross quickly in the air before landing. A staple of petite batterie.

See also: Entrechat, Assemblé, Batterie

Batterie Ballet
The family of beaten jumps, where the legs cross or beat together in the air. It calls for engaged thighs and a quick foot.

See also: Entrechat, Cabriole, Brisé

Butô Contemporary
A dance born in Japan in the 1960s, very slow and inward, exploring extreme states of the body and raw expression.

See also: Qualité de mouvement, Improvisation

Ballotté Ballet
A step rocking back and forth, the body tilting gently as one leg unfolds. It gives a lovely swaying feeling.

See also: Développé, Fondu

Boogaloo Modern jazz & street
A funk style made of supple, undulating movements of the hips, chest and legs, as if the body had no bones. Fluid and hypnotic.

See also: Popping, Wave (ondulation)

Body roll Modern jazz & street
An undulation travelling through the whole body, top to bottom or the reverse, rolling the spine. A cousin of the wave, wider and fuller.

See also: Wave (ondulation), Isolation

C

Cabriole Ballet
The cabriole is a jump where one leg is thrown into the air and the other rises to meet and beat against it before landing. It is a brilliant movement that gives an impression of flight.

See also: Entrechat, Grand jeté

Catch step Modern jazz & street
The catch step is a small recovery step where one foot quickly replaces the other to regain balance or change direction. It works as a discreet link between two movements.

See also: Pas de bourrée jazz

Chaînés Modern jazz & street
Chaînés are a series of quick little turns linked together that carry you across the space while spinning. They give a lovely sense of speed and fluidity.

See also: Piqué, Traversée

Changement Ballet
The changement is a small vertical jump, feet joined, during which the legs swap position in the air before landing. It is one of the first jumps that beginners learn.

See also: Échappé, Entrechat

Chassé Ballet
The chassé is a step where one foot seems to push the other along, as if chasing it, to move smoothly across the floor. It is often used as a run-up before a jump.

See also: Glissade, Pas de bourrée

Chausson (demi-pointe) General
A soft, light shoe worn for dancing that protects the foot while still letting you feel the floor. Demi-pointe also refers to standing on the front of the foot with the heel lifted.

See also: Justaucorps, Équilibre

Chignon General
A hairstyle that gathers the hair tightly at the back of the head. It clears the face and neck, so you can move freely and stay neat while dancing.

See also: Justaucorps

Chorégraphie General
A sequence of movements and travels arranged to music, a little like a story told with the body. It is the dance that students learn and then perform.

See also: Improvisation, Mémoire chorégraphique

Composition instantanée Contemporary
A form of improvisation where you invent a genuine little piece live, paying attention to shapes, spaces and the relationships between dancers. You compose while dancing, as if writing a story as it unfolds.

See also: Improvisation, Espace (kinesphère)

Compter la musique (les temps) General
Spotting and counting the beats of the music, often in groups of eight, so you know when to do each movement. It is a very handy reference for staying together and landing nicely on the rhythm.

See also: Musicalité, En musique

Contact improvisation Contemporary
A dance for two or more people where you stay in physical contact and share your weight. Each person listens to the other through touch, to lift, roll or let themselves be guided. It is a dialogue of bodies, with no choreography fixed in advance.

See also: Poids du corps, Improvisation

Contraction Modern jazz & street
The contraction is a movement where the belly hollows and the back rounds, as if the body were folding inwards. It is a signature of modern jazz, very expressive, giving great intensity to the dance.

See also: Release

Contraction et release (Graham) Contemporary
Two key gestures invented by the American dancer Martha Graham. The contraction draws the belly and back inwards, as if curling up, while the release lets go and reopens the body. This play between tightening and relaxing gives the movement its breath and its emotion.

See also: Respiration, Poids du corps

Coordination General
The ability to make different parts of the body work together, for example the arms and legs at the same time. It improves naturally with practice.

See also: Placement, Équilibre

Cou-de-pied Ballet
The cou-de-pied is the part of the foot just above the ankle, in the hollow formed where the foot meets the leg. Many steps are placed here, such as the frappé.

See also: Frappé, Coupé

Coulisses General
The area at the sides of the stage, hidden from the audience, where dancers wait before entering and get ready. There you breathe a lovely mix of nerves and excitement.

See also: Gala / spectacle

Coupé Ballet
The coupé is a small movement where one foot replaces the other, as if cutting it away, to prepare or relaunch a step. Brief and discreet, it often serves as a transition.

See also: Cou-de-pied, Pas de bourrée

Cypher Modern jazz & street
The cypher is the circle that forms naturally around the dancers, each one stepping into the centre in turn to express themselves. It is a moment of sharing and energy, at the heart of hip-hop culture.

See also: Battle, Freestyle

Croisé Ballet
One of the main body orientations facing the audience: the legs appear crossed, giving elegant lines and depth.

See also: Effacé, Épaulement

Cambré Ballet
The arching of the upper body backwards or to the side, stretching the back and opening the chest. Worked gently, from the warm-up onwards.

See also: Port de bras, Adage

Canon General
A choreographic device where the same movement is picked up in staggered fashion by the dancers, one after another, like an echo.

See also: Chorégraphie, Unisson

Contrepoids Contemporary
The play of supports between two dancers, or with the floor, where each leans on the other's weight to hold a balance impossible alone.

See also: Contact improvisation, Poids du corps

Corps de ballet Ballet
The group of dancers who move together in coordinated formations around the soloists. Their strength comes from unison and shared precision.

See also: Unisson, Placement

Coda Ballet
The lively finale of a big danced piece, often the most virtuosic, where dancers string together turns and jumps before the bow. The climactic moment.

See also: Manège, Variation

Cour et jardin General
The two sides of the stage, seen from the dancer: jardin on the left, cour on the right. These markers help you orient yourself and cue entrances and exits.

See also: Plateau, Coulisses

Costume General
The outfit worn for the show, chosen to dress the dance and tell the role. You often discover it at the dress rehearsal, always an exciting moment.

See also: Générale, Gala / spectacle

D

Dégagé Ballet
The dégagé is a battement tendu taken a little further, lifting the foot slightly off the floor, a few centimetres up. Quick and light, it prepares the legs for faster movements.

See also: Tendu (battement tendu), Jeté (battement jeté)

Demi-plié Ballet
The demi-plié is a shallow bend of the knees, with the heels staying firmly on the floor. It is the little spring from which most jumps take off and onto which you land softly.

See also: Plié, Grand plié

Demi-pointes Ballet
Standing on demi-pointe means rising onto the balls of the feet and the toes, heels lifted off the floor, without hard-tipped shoes. It is the essential foundation before moving on to real pointe work.

See also: Relevé, Pointes

Déséquilibre Contemporary
Deliberately leaving your stable position to let yourself be carried by your own weight. Far from being a mistake, off-balance is something to seek out, because it creates movement, surprise and life.

See also: Fall and recovery (chute et rebond), Poids du corps

Développé Ballet
The développé consists of slowly opening one leg, unfolding it until it stretches high into the air, in front, to the side or behind. It is a slow movement that calls for strength and balance.

See also: Adage, Attitude

Diagonale General
A movement along an oblique line, from one corner of the room to the other. Widely used to work jumps and turns across the floor.

See also: Traversée, Manège

Détourné Ballet
A half-turn made on both demi-pointes, the body pivoting to face the other side. A simple, clean way to change orientation.

See also: Pivot, Soutenu

Dynamique General
The energy and speed put into a movement: soft or sharp, slow or quick, held back or thrown. Playing with dynamics makes the dance come alive.

See also: Nuance (dynamique), Musicalité

Dancehall Modern jazz & street
A festive dance born in Jamaica, highly rhythmic and full of energy, with named steps you link together to the music of the same name.

See also: Groove, Bounce

E

Échappé Ballet
The échappé is a movement where both feet, joined to start with, spring apart into an open position, often with a small jump or a rise. The body seems to escape outwards.

See also: Changement, Sauté

Échauffement General
A set of gentle movements done at the start of class to wake up the body and prepare the muscles for effort. It helps you dance more freely and avoid injury.

See also: Étirement

En dedans Ballet
En dedans describes a movement or a turn that goes inwards, towards the supporting leg. It is the opposite direction to en dehors.

See also: En dehors, Rond de jambe

En dehors Ballet
En dehors describes the outward rotation of the legs from the hips, so characteristic of classical dance. It is also the direction of a turn or a rond de jambe that opens outwards.

See also: En dedans, Rond de jambe

En musique General
Performing a movement or a sequence in time with the music rather than in silence. Dancing to the music helps you find the right rhythm and enjoy yourself.

See also: Musicalité, Compter la musique (les temps)

Entrechat Ballet
The entrechat is a vertical jump during which the legs cross quickly one or more times in the air. The more crossings there are, the harder the feat.

See also: Changement, Cabriole

Épaulement Ballet
Épaulement is the slight orientation of the shoulders and head in relation to the audience, giving depth and elegance to poses. It is this detail that makes a position feel alive rather than frozen.

See also: Port de bras, Arabesque

Équilibre General
The ability to stay steady, on one foot or two, without wobbling. It is a foundation of dance that grows stronger session after session.

See also: Placement, Coordination

Espace (kinesphère) Contemporary
The whole volume the body can reach around itself without travelling, like a personal bubble. You learn to fill this space in every direction, up, down, in front, behind and to the sides.

See also: Laban (efforts), Composition instantanée

Étirement General
An exercise that consists of gently lengthening the muscles to gain flexibility and release tension. It is often done at the end of class to help the body recover.

See also: Échauffement, Souplesse

Étoile / danseur étoile General
The highest title awarded to the finest dancers in the great companies, such as at the Paris Opera. It is a lovely source of inspiration for students just starting out.

See also: Répertoire

Effacé Ballet
An 'open' body orientation: the body is slightly angled and the lines unfold without crossing, the opposite of croisé.

See also: Croisé, Épaulement

Emboîté Ballet
A series of small jumps where the feet swap places quickly, one slipping in front of the other. Brisk and lively, often linked while travelling.

See also: Changement, Jeté (battement jeté)

Endurance General
The ability to sustain a danced effort over time without running out of breath. It builds up little by little, class after class, so you can dance a whole piece.

See also: Gainage, Récupération

Écoute Contemporary
The attention paid to yourself, the other dancers and the music, so you move together at the right moment. In contemporary dance, listening matters as much as technique.

See also: Contact improvisation, Improvisation

Élan Contemporary
The starting energy that launches a movement and lets it carry on by itself, like a swing once pushed. Dancing with momentum saves effort.

See also: Impulsion, Suspension

F

Fall and recovery (chute et rebond) Contemporary
A principle of letting yourself fall, then rising back up thanks to the momentum of that fall. You release the weight towards the floor and recover the energy to set off again. It is a lovely way to dance without forcing, using gravity as an ally.

See also: Poids du corps, Impulsion

Filage General
A run-through of the choreography from beginning to end, without stopping, as if you were already on stage. The run-through prepares the dancers for the show.

See also: Raccord, Gala / spectacle

Flow (fluidité) Contemporary
The quality of a continuous movement that flows without jolts, like running water. Finding your flow means letting one gesture call up the next, so you dance in a connected, relaxed way.

See also: Qualité de mouvement, Transfert de poids

Fondu Ballet
The fondu is a wonderfully smooth movement where the supporting leg bends and stretches slowly, as if the body melted and then rose again. It teaches control and softness in the legs.

See also: Plié, Développé

Fouetté Ballet
The fouetté is a turn where the free leg gives an impulse by unfolding sharply, like the crack of a whip, to keep the rotation going. Performed in a series, fouettés are one of ballet's most spectacular feats.

See also: Pirouette, Rond de jambe

Frappé Ballet
The frappé is a movement where the foot, placed at the ankle, strikes sharply outwards as it stretches. It gives bite and precision to quick little steps.

See also: Cou-de-pied, Fondu

Freestyle Modern jazz & street
Freestyle means dancing by improvising, with no prepared choreography, simply following the music and your own impulses. It is a lovely way to build confidence and find your own style.

See also: Groove, Cypher

Freeze Modern jazz & street
The freeze is a sharp stop where the dancer holds still in a position, often balancing on the hands or head. It is a striking moment that marks the end of a phrase or wows the audience.

See also: Break/breakdance

Footwork (jeux de jambes) Modern jazz & street
Fast leg movements close to the floor, a cornerstone of breaking and house dance.

See also: Top rock, Break/breakdance

Failli Ballet
A linking step where the body opens then quickly closes, passing through one leg stretched behind. It often gives momentum towards another movement.

See also: Glissade, Assemblé

Fan kick Modern jazz & street
A big kick that sweeps the air in a wide fan in front of the body. Energetic and ample, it often punctuates a jazz routine.

See also: Kick, Grand battement

G

Gainage Contemporary
The deep, sustained engagement of the muscles at the centre of the body, around the tummy and back. Good core strength protects the spine and gives you stability, which lets you move your arms and legs with real freedom.

See also: Ancrage, Poids du corps

Gala / spectacle General
A performance where students show the audience the dances they have prepared over the year. It is often a joyful, much-anticipated occasion for the dancers and their families.

See also: Filage, Coulisses, Répertoire

Glissade Ballet
A glissade is a gliding, skimming step that links two movements, often just before a big jump. Quiet but essential, it builds momentum without ever really leaving the floor.

See also: Chassé, Assemblé

Grand battement Ballet
A grand battement is a bold, high throw of the stretched leg, which then returns with control. It strengthens the legs and prepares the big jumps.

See also: Jeté (battement jeté), Grand jeté

Grand jeté Ballet
A grand jeté is a large leap in which the dancer springs from one leg to the other, opening the legs wide in the air like a suspended split. It is one of the most striking jumps in ballet.

See also: Jeté (battement jeté), Grand battement

Grand plié Ballet
A grand plié is a deep bend of the knees that lowers the body as far as possible. In some positions the heels lift slightly off the floor, and then you rise slowly with the upper body held nicely upright.

See also: Plié, Demi-plié

Groove Modern jazz & street
The groove is that natural swaying feeling of the body as it follows the music. In urban dance it is the foundation of everything: finding your groove means letting the rhythm settle into the body.

See also: Bounce, Freestyle

Grand écart General
The full opening of the legs on the floor: front splits, one leg forward and one back, or side splits. The result of long flexibility work.

See also: Souplesse, Étirement

Générale General
The dress rehearsal: the last full run before the show, in costume and lighting, under performance conditions.

See also: Filage, Raccord

Groove (temps mort) Modern jazz & street
Those little rest beats between two movements where the body keeps vibrating with the music. That is where all the flavour of an urban dance hides.

See also: Groove, Bounce

H

House (danse) Modern jazz & street
A social dance born in house clubs, combining fast footwork, a bouncing 'jack' and fluidity.

See also: Groove, Bounce

I

Improvisation Contemporary
Dancing in the moment, with no set steps decided in advance, following your sensations, the music or the other dancers. Improvisation builds listening, creativity and self-confidence.

See also: Composition instantanée, Contact improvisation

Impulsion Contemporary
The little starting spark that sets a movement in motion, often beginning from the centre of the body. An impulse can be gentle or lively, and it is what gives a gesture its colour and energy.

See also: Spirale, Flow (fluidité)

Isolation Modern jazz & street
Isolation means moving just one part of the body (the head, shoulders, ribcage or hips) while the rest stays still. It is a great classic of modern jazz that teaches you to control each area of the body.

See also: Contraction, Popping

J

Jazz walk Modern jazz & street
The jazz walk is a stylised way of walking, supple and a little feline, often on the balls of the feet. It is used to move across the stage with elegance and presence.

See also: Traversée, Attitude jazz

Jeté (battement jeté) Ballet
The battement jeté is a more energetic dégagé, where the leg is thrown a little higher before coming straight back. It develops the speed and liveliness of the legs.

See also: Dégagé, Grand jeté

Justaucorps General
A close-fitting one-piece garment, often worn in dance class. It hugs the body and lets the teacher clearly see placement and lines.

See also: Chausson (demi-pointe)

Jazz hands Modern jazz & street
Open hands, fingers spread and stretched, often shaken: a signature gesture of stage jazz and musical theatre.

See also: Isolation, Attitude jazz

K

Kick Modern jazz & street
A kick is a lively throw of the leg to the front, side or back. It brings energy and dynamism to a routine and asks for a little flexibility.

See also: Layout

Krump Modern jazz & street
An urban dance born in Los Angeles, highly energetic and expressive, made of large, sharp, powerful movements.

See also: Freestyle, Battle

L

Laban (efforts) Contemporary
Rudolf Laban was a movement researcher who suggested describing dance through qualities called efforts, linked to weight, time, space and flow. This tool helps you vary your movements, from the lightest and slowest to the strongest and fastest.

See also: Qualité de mouvement, Espace (kinesphère)

Layout Modern jazz & street
The layout is a position where the upper body leans back while one leg rises to the front, the body forming one long line. It is a striking shape that calls for core strength and balance.

See also: Kick, Attitude jazz

Locking Modern jazz & street
Locking is a joyful, energetic style where the dancer strings together quick movements and then suddenly stops, as if locking into place. It is a dance full of smiles and connection with the audience.

See also: Popping, Freestyle

Latéralité General
Working both sides of the body, right and left, so you dance as easily on one side as the other. A precious balance, often worth cultivating.

See also: Coordination, Placement

M

Mémoire chorégraphique General
The ability to remember the sequence of movements in a dance. It grows stronger with repetition and soon becomes a real pleasure once the routine is well learned.

See also: Chorégraphie, Filage

Miroir (travail au miroir) General
Work done facing the studio's large mirror, so you can see your own movements and correct them. It is a valuable tool for making progress and gaining confidence.

See also: Placement

Musicalité General
The art of dancing in tune with the music, feeling its rhythm, its shades and its emotions. Beautiful musicality makes dance lively and expressive.

See also: En musique, Compter la musique (les temps)

Manège Ballet
A series of turns or jumps performed in a circle around the whole stage, often as the climax of a variation.

See also: Grand jeté, Pirouette

Milieu General
The part of class danced in the centre of the room, away from the barre. There you take up the movements worked at the barre, this time balancing on your own.

See also: Barre, Traversée

Marquer General
Dancing a sequence in a lightened version, with small gestures, to recall the order of the steps without tiring. You mark before dancing full out.

See also: Mémoire chorégraphique, Filage

Motif Contemporary
A short movement phrase, like a gestural idea, that you can repeat, transform or send travelling through the body. A building block of composition.

See also: Composition instantanée, Chorégraphie

N

Nuance (dynamique) Contemporary
The variation of intensity and speed within a movement: shifting from soft to sharp, slow to quick, brings dance to life.

See also: Qualité de mouvement, Flow (fluidité)

P

Pas de bourrée Ballet
The pas de bourrée is a quick sequence of three small steps that carries the dancer along lightly. It often serves as an elegant link between two larger movements.

See also: Chassé, Glissade

Pas de bourrée jazz Modern jazz & street
The pas de bourrée is a small sequence of three quick steps used to travel or to relaunch a movement. It is a basic building block found in almost every jazz routine.

See also: Jazz walk, Chaînés

Pas de deux Ballet
The pas de deux is a dance for two, often a male and a female dancer, where the partners move together with lifts and shared balances. It is often the great romantic moment of a ballet.

See also: Variation, Adage

Passé Modern jazz & street
The passé is the moment when the foot comes to rest against the knee of the supporting leg, with the knee opened out to the side. It is used to prepare a turn or to link two movements.

See also: Attitude jazz, Pivot

Piqué Modern jazz & street
The piqué is a turn where you step directly onto a straight leg, as if pricking the floor with the tip of the foot. It is often the starting point of a clean, crisp turn.

See also: Chaînés, Pivot

Pirouette Ballet
The pirouette is a full turn performed on one leg, balanced on the demi-pointe or the pointe. It calls for fixing your gaze on one spot so you don't lose your balance.

See also: Fouetté, En dehors

Pivot Modern jazz & street
The pivot is a half-turn or turn made by spinning on a single support, without lifting the foot off the floor. It is a simple, effective way to change which direction you are facing.

See also: Passé, Piqué

Placement General
The correct position of the body in space and in relation to the other dancers. Good placement makes movements more accurate, safer and nicer to watch.

See also: Coordination, Équilibre

Plié Ballet
The plié is the basic movement of bending the knees while keeping the back straight and the heels in line with the feet. It loosens the legs and prepares almost every jump and turn.

See also: Demi-plié, Grand plié

Poids du corps Contemporary
The awareness of your own body's weight and how to place it, release it or hold it back. In contemporary dance you learn to feel this weight rather than hide it, because it is what makes movement alive and natural.

See also: Transfert de poids, Ancrage

Pointes Ballet
Dancing on pointe means standing right up at the very top of the foot thanks to special shoes with a reinforced tip. This demanding technique is learned after several years and calls for strong ankles.

See also: Demi-pointes, Relevé

Popping Modern jazz & street
Popping means quickly contracting and then releasing the muscles to create little jolts in the body, like sharp twitches. Combined with isolations, it gives that instantly recognisable robotic effect.

See also: Isolation, Wave (ondulation)

Port de bras Ballet
The port de bras is the way of moving and placing the arms with grace and harmony. It accompanies every movement and gives the body its expression and musicality.

See also: Épaulement, Adage

Penché Ballet
A tilted arabesque: the upper body leans forward while the working leg rises high behind, creating a long, inclined line.

See also: Arabesque, Développé

Préparation General
The small preparatory movement before a turn or jump: it sets the body and provides the necessary impetus.

See also: Pirouette, Placement

Pas de chat Ballet
A light jump where the legs fold up one after the other, passing through the knee, like a leaping cat. Graceful and airy.

See also: Sauté, Retiré

Petit battement Ballet
A quick movement where the foot beats little taps in front of and behind the ankle of the supporting leg. It sharpens the liveliness and precision of the lower leg.

See also: Frappé, Cou-de-pied

Pas de basque Ballet
A dancing step that traces a half-circle with the foot, the weight passing from one leg to the other in a turning motion. Elegant, often danced to a waltz.

See also: Rond de jambe, Balancé

Plateau General
The stage space where you dance in front of the audience. You learn to find your bearings there, fill the space and place yourself in relation to the others.

See also: Coulisses, Cour et jardin

Power move Modern jazz & street
The acrobatic, spinning figures of breakdance, like windmills or flares, calling for strength and momentum. The spectacular side of breaking.

See also: Break/breakdance, Freeze

Point d'appui Contemporary
The part of the body that takes support, on the floor or on a partner, to move or lift. Changing your point of support opens a thousand ways to move.

See also: Contrepoids, Transfert de poids

Q

Qualité de mouvement Contemporary
The way a movement is carried out, beyond its shape. The same movement can be soft, sharp, heavy, light or trembling. Exploring these qualities enriches your palette so you can better express an emotion or an idea.

See also: Flow (fluidité), Laban (efforts)

R

Raccord General
A short rehearsal just before the show to go over the tricky passages and check placements on stage. It reassures everyone before stepping out to perform.

See also: Filage, Coulisses

Release Modern jazz & street
The release is the letting-go that follows a contraction: the body opens back up and the upper body unfolds gently. Contraction and release work together, like a breath.

See also: Contraction

Relevé Ballet
The relevé means rising onto the tips of the toes or the demi-pointe, lifting the heels off the floor. It strengthens the ankles and lengthens the dancer's silhouette.

See also: Demi-pointes, Pointes

Répertoire General
The body of well-known works and dances that are passed on and performed again, such as the great classical ballets. A class can draw on it to discover beautiful pieces.

See also: Chorégraphie, Étoile / danseur étoile

Respiration Contemporary
The breath that accompanies and feeds the movement. In contemporary dance you learn to breathe with the gesture to release tension and give the dancing breadth and life.

See also: Contraction et release (Graham), Suspension

Révérence Ballet
The révérence is the graceful bow that closes the class or the show, offered to the teacher, the pianist or the audience. It is a moment of respect and courtesy that belongs to classical dance.

See also: Port de bras, Épaulement

Rock (base) Modern jazz & street
The rock is a relaxed, rhythmic rocking of the body from front to back. It is one of the very first steps you learn in urban dance.

See also: Top rock, Bounce

Rond de jambe Ballet
The rond de jambe is a movement where the tip of the foot draws a half-circle on the floor or in the air, from front to back or the other way round. It works the flexibility and mobility of the hip.

See also: En dehors, En dedans

Retiré Ballet
The position where the pointed foot is drawn up along the supporting leg to the knee. It is also called passé when passing through it.

See also: Passé, Pirouette

Royale Ballet
A changement jump where the legs beat once in the air before landing in the reversed position. A brilliant bit of petite batterie.

See also: Changement, Entrechat, Batterie

Récupération General
The wind-down after effort: gentle stretches, breathing, letting go. It helps the body relax and progress without injury.

See also: Étirement, Échauffement

Roulade Contemporary
A floor passage where the body rolls gently, curling and uncurling, to go down or come back up smoothly. A doorway into floorwork.

See also: Travail au sol (floorwork), Chute et rebond

Relâchement Contemporary
Letting go of unnecessary tension so the movement can flow freely. You learn to balance it: enough tone to hold, enough release to breathe.

See also: Release, Poids du corps

S

Sauté Ballet
Sauté means that a step is performed while jumping, with both feet leaving the floor. The word is added to a movement to specify that it is done in the air, like a plié sauté.

See also: Allegro, Changement

Sissonne Ballet
The sissonne is a jump that takes off from both feet and lands on one, the legs opening in the air like scissors. It can travel forwards, backwards or to the side.

See also: Assemblé, Allegro

Souplesse General
The body's ability to move with a wide range and without stiffness. It is built up little by little, gently, and improves session after session.

See also: Étirement, Barre au sol

Spirale Contemporary
A twisting movement that travels through the body, often from the hips up to the shoulders and head. The spiral opens up space, extends the gesture and lets you change direction smoothly.

See also: Impulsion, Qualité de mouvement

Suspension Contemporary
That suspended moment where the movement seems to pause for a fraction of a second before setting off again, a little like a ball at the top of its flight. Suspension brings breath and lightness to dancing.

See also: Respiration, Fall and recovery (chute et rebond)

Soutenu Ballet
A 'soutenu' turn: the legs draw together and turn as one, tightly closed, on demi-pointe or pointe.

See also: Relevé, Pirouette

Sous-sus Ballet
A quick relevé where both feet draw tightly together, on demi-pointe or pointe. The body seems to stretch upwards all at once.

See also: Relevé, Pointes

Soubresaut Ballet
A vertical jump, feet joined and well stretched, without changing their position in the air. A simple, clean jump, all lightness.

See also: Changement, Sauté

Slide Modern jazz & street
A glide of the foot along the floor that creates the illusion of floating, like the famous moonwalk. A much-loved visual effect in urban dance.

See also: Footwork (jeux de jambes), Groove

Six-step Modern jazz & street
A basic breakdance sequence, six supports of the hands and feet turning in a circle on the floor. The starting brick of floor footwork.

See also: Break/breakdance, Footwork (jeux de jambes)

T

Tendu (battement tendu) Ballet
The battement tendu is a gesture where the leg slides along the floor until the foot is stretched and pointed, without ever leaving the ground. It is one of the fundamental exercises for drawing beautiful lines with the feet.

See also: Dégagé, Pointes

Top rock Modern jazz & street
Top rock is the standing dance done in breaking before dropping down to the floor. It is used to introduce yourself, take the space and show off your style.

See also: Rock (base), Break/breakdance

Transfert de poids Contemporary
The shift of weight from one support to another, for example from one foot to the other or from a hand to a shoulder. Well mastered, it makes movements flow and gives the impression that the dance moves along effortlessly.

See also: Poids du corps, Travail au sol

Travail au sol (floorwork) Contemporary
Everything danced down at floor level, rolling, sliding or leaning on the hands and knees. The floor becomes a partner that supports you and allows smooth transitions between standing and lying down.

See also: Poids du corps, Transfert de poids

Traversée Modern jazz & street
A traversée is an exercise where you dance across the studio from one end to the other, often in small groups. It is the perfect moment to take up space and work on travelling steps.

See also: Jazz walk, Chaînés

Tutting Modern jazz & street
Tutting is a style made of right angles and geometric shapes created mainly with the arms and hands. You draw crisp forms in the air, a little like the figures in ancient Egyptian drawings.

See also: Wave (ondulation), Popping

Tour en l'air Ballet
A complete turn performed in the air during a vertical jump, landing back in place. A spectacular step, often danced by men.

See also: Sauté, Pirouette

Trac General
The mix of fear and excitement felt before going on stage. It turns into energy once the show begins.

See also: Gala / spectacle, Coulisses

Temps levé Ballet
A small hop on one leg, the other staying in the air in its position. You rebound on the spot or moving forwards, without changing support.

See also: Sauté, Ballon

Tutu Ballet
The iconic tulle skirt of the classical dancer, long and floating or short and horizontal depending on the ballet. It shows off the legs and lines.

See also: Justaucorps, Répertoire

Tonicité Contemporary
The right level of energy in the muscles: neither stiff nor floppy. Good tone keeps the body available, ready to move in any direction.

See also: Gainage, Relâchement

U

Unisson General
When all the dancers perform the same movement at the same time. The group effect demands great shared precision.

See also: Chorégraphie, Musicalité

V

Variation Ballet
The variation is a solo danced by a single performer, showing off their technique and their personality. It is often found within a pas de deux or a full-length ballet.

See also: Pas de deux, Adage

Voguing Modern jazz & street
A dance born in New York clubs, inspired by fashion-magazine poses, made of crisp lines, drawn arms and bold attitudes.

See also: Waacking, Tutting

W

Wave (ondulation) Modern jazz & street
The wave is an undulation that travels through the body, like a ripple passing from one hand to the other or rising up the torso. Done well, it gives the illusion that the movement flows all on its own.

See also: Popping, Tutting

Waacking Modern jazz & street
A style born in 1970s clubs, marked by very fast arm movements around the body, danced to disco and funk.

See also: Isolation, Groove